Pelvic infection, also known as pelvic inflammatory disease, is a type of bacterial disease affecting the uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes. It is often polymicrobial, meaning it involves many different types of microbes. Pelvic infection occurs when bacteria from the vagina (cervix) travel upwards into the uterus and then spread to the fallopian tubes and ovaries. Often triggered by procedures such as childbirth, abortion, or endometrial biopsy, pelvic infection significantly increases the risk of infertility in women.
What are the symptoms of a pelvic infection?
The most common and obvious signs of a pelvic infection are pelvic pain and vaginal discharge. In addition to these symptoms, the patient may also experience irregular menstruation, intermittent bleeding after intercourse, tenderness on pelvic examination, pain during cervical movement, burning during urination, increased vaginal temperature, diarrhea, and fever.
Pelvic pelvic infection (PPI) is a type of disease that is frequently transmitted through sexual contact. Having a promiscuous sexual relationship, or a partner who has one, increases the risk of pelvic infection. Furthermore, the use of an IUD (intrauterine device) can also cause pelvic infection. Risk factors for pelvic infection are as follows:;
- Polygamy (age of sexual intercourse, secrecy, number of partners)
- Intrauterine device (IUD) use
- Risk of previous PID
- Genital tract surgical procedures (IUD insertion, HSG, hysteroscopy, endometrial biopsy, OPU…)
- History of sexually transmitted infections,
- Vaginal douching
- Low socioeconomic status
- Bacterial vaginosis
- AIDS
Diagnosis and Treatment of Pelvic Infections
Pelvic infection is diagnosed through pelvic examination, laboratory tests, and laparoscopy if necessary. Laboratory tests may show an increase in inflammatory cells (leukocytes) and infection parameters (CRP, sedimentation rate). Pelvic infection is a condition that requires prompt treatment. Antibiotic therapy is the most common treatment for mild cases. However, in severe cases, in patients who do not improve with oral treatment, in pregnant women, and in cases with comorbidities, the patient must be hospitalized for treatment. In addition to antibiotic treatment, surgical (laparoscopic or open surgery) may also be performed in the treatment of pelvic infection, which often requires partner treatment as well.
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